Electrical product sustenance: the essential know-how.

The product’s life and accuracy are key factors for the customers, along with the cost. If the cost of buying a new product is high in comparison to its maintenance, then the customers prefer products that can be sustained over a long duration. The key areas impacted by product sustenance are customer satisfaction, revenue, quality, reliability, safety/regulatory standards, features, and performance improvement. 
Product sustenance occurs at distinct phases of the product life cycle such as product customization, product enhancement, version control, product/technical support, error/bug management, data migration, and so on.  
Any physical product comprises two key areas - electrical engineering and mechanical engineering. Both areas are equally important and are based on the same principles i.e., mathematical and analytical skills. Electrical engineers infuse life into the physical product. 

1. BOM (Bill of Material) update
All electronic components have a life span, after which they no longer work as intended and this is where end-of-life and obsolescence come into the picture, which requires the replacement of these components. There are various regulatory standards and safety guidelines that all components must adhere to, not just during the operation time but also when discarded. Owing to all the safety regulatory standards, it is necessary to keep the environment safe even during recycling and recovery. This is when the RoHS, WEEE, and REACH parameters of a component must be taken care of. Whenever there is a requirement for replacing a component due to any of the parameters like EOL, OBS, RoHS, WEEE, REACH, etc., it is important that form, fit, and function must match the existing parts in the design. 

2. Schematic update
Continuous upgrades in BOM require modifying the engineering designs to accommodate component changes without compromising on quality and functional accuracy. Most often during the replacement of parts, engineers make sure that the function and fit of the component match the previous part. But in some cases, it is difficult to find an exact drop-in replacement. This requires a redesign of the schematic and modification of the PCB (printed circuit board) to incorporate changes. 

3. Review
To ensure that the products released meet regulatory standards, detailed checks and measures should be in place. To achieve this, a proper understanding of the design, technical aspects, test plans, test cases, design history, and checklists is required at every step of the product life cycle process. Reviews also help in the continuous upgrade of the checklist and best practices. 

Conclusion

Companies whose products have a long-life cycle backed by robust product sustenance possess advantages over their competitor. With product sustenance, the challenge of managing and supporting mature products while boosting ROIs and meeting customer satisfaction can be met. These days manufacturing companies prefer developing a sustainable New Design Product (NPD) as both an NPD and sustainability define the success of the product which mirrors the company's success. Companies that focus on product sustenance ensure greater usability and operational efficiency while meeting regulatory standards required in today’s economic and environmental practices. Companies now look for diverse ways to extend the product's lifecycle, which will thereby bring value to customer expectations. Adopting sustainability provides a positive effect not just on the market but also on the product’s success.